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Gamma and x-radiation damage human body tissue by a process known as: Ionization

Dec 10, 2024

  1. Gamma and x-radiation damage human body tissue by a process known as:
    • Answer: Ionization
  2. When a body tissue cell is damaged by radiation:
    • The cell may lose its ability to reproduce
    • The cell may die
    • Damage is caused by knocking an electron out of orbit from its parent atom
  3. The basic difference between x-rays and gamma rays is their:
    • Answer: Origin
  4. Radiation hazard to humans exists from:
    • Answer: Primary and scattered radiation
  5. Materials exposed to gamma rays and x-rays become radioactive and dangerous to handle:
    • Answer: False
  6. A person who becomes contaminated with radioactive material can spread contamination to others:
    • Answer: True
  7. The primary hazard in radiography comes from:
    • Answer: External radiation
  8. __________ radiation hazard exists when radioactive materials get inside the body:
    • Answer: Particulate, Internal
  9. An x-ray machine presents an internal radiation hazard:
    • Answer: False
  10. The most penetrating radiation from radioisotopes is:
    • Answer: Gamma rays
  11. Radioactive (or physical) half-life is:
    • Answer: The time it takes one-half of the atoms of a radioisotope to disintegrate
  12. Biological half-life is:
    • Answer: The time it takes one-half of radioactive material to be passed from the human body as waste material
  13. Effective half-life is:
    • Answer: The time needed to rid the body of one-half of a radioactive material by a combination of biological elimination and radioactive decay
  14. The basic unit of measurement used to express gamma or x-radiation exposure is:
    • Answer: Roentgen
  15. The abbreviation “R” stands for:
    • Answer: Roentgen
  16. The abbreviation “mR” stands for:
    • Answer: Milliroentgen
  17. The term “RAD” stands for:
    • Answer: Radiation Absorbed Dose
  18. The term “REM” stands for:
    • Answer: Roentgen Equivalent Man
  19. The term “QF” stands for:
    • Answer: Quality Factor / Relative Biological Effect
  20. The roentgen is a measure of:
    • Answer: X-rays and gamma rays
  21. The unit used to measure the absorbed dose of tissues is:
    • Answer: Rad
  22. An exposure of one roentgen of gamma radiation equals an absorbed dose of one rad:
    • Answer: True
  23. The unit that compares the biological effectiveness of different types of radiation is the:
    • Answer: Quality Factor (QF)
  24. An exposure of 5R of gamma or X-radiation equals:
    • Answer: 5 rem
  25. The time rate at which a radiation dose is received is called:
    • Answer: Dose rate
  26. The whole-body radiation dose must normally be limited to a dose of:
    • Answer: 5 rems per calendar year
  27. A given radiation dose will cause less damage if it is received over a short period of time than if it is received over a long period of time:
    • Answer: False
  28. The most serious radiation exposure is to the:
    • Answer: Whole body
  29. A person who is ten years old would be subject to greater radiation damage from a given exposure than a person who is age 27:
    • Answer: True
  30. A person must be __________ years old to be allowed to work in a radiation area:
    • Answer: 18
  31. List three variables that influence the effect of radiation doses on individuals:
    • Total effective dose
    • Deep dose equivalent
    • Shallow dose equivalent
  32. The permissible accumulated dose is:
    • Answer: The occupational dose a person could have been permitted in relation to their current age
  33. The permissible accumulated dose for a person who is 35 years old is:
    • Answer: 85 rem
  34. If a person does not exceed their accumulated dose, they can receive a whole-body dose of:
    • Answer: 12 rems per year (old law), 5 rems per year (current law)
  35. For each year a person is past 18, how many rems are deposited into their radiation bank account for whole-body exposure?
    • Answer: 5 rems
  36. Some body cells are more radiosensitive than others:
    • Answer: True
  37. The earliest indication of radiation damage may be detected:
    • Answer: In the blood cells
  38. The physical effects of radiation on the body of an individual receiving radiation are called:
    • Answer: Radiosensitive effects
  39. The radiation effects that can be passed on to offspring or later generations are called:
    • Answer: Genetic effects
  40. It is possible to receive a dose considerably above the regulatory limits without showing detectable radiation effects:
    • Answer: True
The International System of Units (SI)

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